As the world observes World Tuberculosis Day on March 24, its crucial to address common questions and concerns surrounding this infectious disease. Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health threat, affecting millions of people worldwide. In this article, we provide answers to frequently asked questions (FAQs) to enhance understanding and raise awareness about TB on this important occasion.What is World Tuberculosis DayWorld Tuberculosis (TB) Day is observed annually on March 24. It aims to raise awareness about the global epidemic of tuberculosis and efforts to eliminate the disease.What is World Tuberculosis DayWorld Tuberculosis (TB) Day is observed annually on March 24. It aims to raise awareness about the global epidemic of tuberculosis and efforts to eliminate the disease.What is TuberculosisTuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by bacteria called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It primarily affects the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body.How is TB transmittedTB is spread through the air when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. People nearby can inhale the bacteria and become infected.What are the symptoms of TBCommon symptoms of TB include persistent coughing, chest pain, coughing up blood, fatigue, fever, night sweats, and weight loss.Is TB curableYes, TB is curable with proper treatment. Its important to take all medications as prescribed by a healthcare provider and complete the full course of treatment.How is TB diagnosedTB can be diagnosed through various tests, including a chest X-ray, sputum culture, TB skin test (TST), and interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs).Who is at risk for TBAnyone can get TB, but certain factors increase the risk, including close contact with someone with TB, weakened immune system (such as HIV/AIDS), living in crowded or unsanitary conditions, substance abuse, and malnutrition.How can TB be preventedPreventive measures for TB include getting vaccinated with the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, avoiding close contact with infected individuals, maintaining good hygiene practices, ensuring proper ventilation in living spaces, and seeking prompt medical care if experiencing symptoms.What is global burden of TBTB remains one of the worlds deadliest infectious diseases. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), an estimated 10 million people fell ill with TB in 2020, with 1.5 million dying from the disease.Why is TB awareness importantTB awareness is crucial for early detection, treatment, and prevention of the disease. It helps reduce stigma, encourages people to seek medical care, and supports efforts to control and eliminate TB worldwide.What are treatment options for TBTreatment for TB typically involves a combination of antibiotics taken for several months. The most common drugs used to treat TB include isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide. In some cases, drug-resistant TB may require alternative medications and longer treatment regimens.Are there specific populations at higher risk for TBCertain populations are more vulnerable to TB, including people living with HIV/AIDS, individuals in congregate settings (such as prisons and homeless shelters), healthcare workers, migrants, refugees, and individuals with compromised immune systems due to conditions like diabetes or cancer. Efforts to target TB prevention and control strategies towards these high-risk groups are essential for reducing TB incidence and mortality.
