New Delhi: Religious customs often vary widely, reflecting unique beliefs across cultures. However, certain practices embedded within religion can sometimes be misused to the detriment of vulnerable groups, particularly women. One such practice, Nikah Mutah, prevalent among some followers within Islam, has drawn significant criticism. Translating to “temporary marriage,” Nikah Mutah allows marriage on a fixed-term contract, and many Muslim women are now advocating for its prohibition.Understanding Nikah Mutah and Its originsNikah Mutah dates back thousands of years as a practice for men traveling long distances, who would temporarily bind themselves to a wife for companionship. Today, this practice remains controversial, as it deviates from traditional lifelong marriage commitments. While it is largely rejected by Sunni Muslims, Nikah Mutah continues among certain Shia communities. Critics argue that the concept of “temporary marriage” undermines the sacred values of a lifelong union, leaving women vulnerable to exploitation.Critics Perspective: Calls for prohibition and claims of exploitationCritics argue that Nikah Mutah facilitates exploitation under the guise of religious practice. Reports from 2013 involving young British Shia Muslims revealed that some use this arrangement to engage in relationships before formal marriage. Detractors often compare the practice to prostitution due to its conditional, temporary nature. There are strict conditions in Nikah Mutah, such as mutual consent, an agreed dowry, and terms governing physical relationships. However, divorce is not recognized under this arrangement, leaving women with few rights.Restrictions on women and lasting social consequencesFor women, Nikah Mutah presents numerous challenges. Upon marriage completion, a woman is subjected to the practice of Iddat, a period of four months and ten days where she must live alone. This period is intended for purification but, according to critics, adds unnecessary psychological strain and can hinder a womans social reintegration and future marriage prospects.
