New Delhi: In Gujarats Sabarkantha district, a suspected infection steming from Chandipura virus has resulted in the deaths of four children, while two others are currently receiving treatment at the civil hospital in Himmatnagar. The Chandipura virus is known to cause encephalitis, a serious inflammatory condition affecting the brain. Meanwhile, Gujarat Health Minister Rushikesh Patel issued a cautious alert on Monday in response to reports of six suspected child fatalities linked to Chandipura viral encephalitis, he said, there was no need for panic. What is Chandipura VirusChandipura vesiculovirus (CHPV), referred to as Chandipura virus, is a member of the Rhabdoviridae family, is linked to encephalitic illness in humans. It was first identified in 1965 in Indias Maharashtra state. It has been associated with multiple unexplained outbreaks of encephalitis in central India, including a significant outbreak in 2003 that affected 329 children and resulted in 183 deaths. Causes of Chandipura Virus The Chandipura virus is mainly spread through the bites of infected sandflies, particularly those of the Phlebotomus genus. When these sandflies feed on humans, they inject the virus into the persons bloodstream, causing infection. While less frequent, the virus can also be transmitted through direct contact with bodily fluids from an infected individual or animal, providing an alternative route of transmission.Symptoms of Chandipura Virus Chandipura virus infection symptoms strike suddenly and can worsen rapidly. Symptoms include:- Sudden and extreme fever- Intense and persistent headaches- Frequent vomiting, leading to dehydration- Altered mental state, including confusion, disorientation, and behavioral changes- In serious cases, patients may fall into a comaThis infection mainly affects children and its rapid progression makes prompt detection and treatment essential to prevent serious consequences.Treatment of Chandipura Virus Although there is no specific antiviral treatment for Chandipura virus infection, management of the disease focuses on alleviating symptoms and providing supportive care. Treatment include:- Hospitalization: Prompt medical attention in a hospital setting is often essential.- Fluid replacement: Intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration caused by vomiting and fever.- Fever reduction: Medications to manage high temperature.- Seizure control: Anticonvulsant drugs to regulate seizures.- Intensive care: In severe cases, patients may require close monitoring and life-supporting interventions to manage complications.These measures aim to manage symptoms, prevent complications and support the bodys immune response.Prevention of Chandipura VirusPrevention of Chandipura virus infection relies on controlling sandfly populations and protecting against bites. Essential preventive measures include:- Applying insect repellents to exposed skin to repel sandflies- Wearing protective clothing, such as long-sleeved shirts and pants, in areas where sandflies are present. - Using insecticide-treated nets when sleeping outdoors or in areas with no screens- Maintaining a clean environment by eliminating standing water and reducing sandfly breeding sites- Educating the public about the disease, its transmission, and preventive practices to encourage community awareness and actionBy implementing these measures, individuals and communities can reduce the risk of Chandipura virus infection and break the cycle of transmission.
