Explaining Red Sea Crisis: In the wake of intensified attacks on ships in the Red Sea by Iranian-backed Houthi rebels in Yemen, the US and UK have taken decisive action. Heres a breakdown of the events leading up to the retaliation and the ongoing conflict.Houthi Attacks Prompt International ResponseAfter weeks of warnings to cease drone and missile attacks on commercial vessels in the Red Sea, the US and UK finally responded to the Houthi rebels in Yemen. The rebels, backed by Iran, launched their largest-ever barrage of attacks, including 18 one-way attack drones, anti-ship cruise missiles, and an anti-ship ballistic missile.Why Did the US and UK RetaliateThe severity and scope of the Houthi attack on international commercial vessels left limited options for the US and UK, triggering a substantial response. The US had refrained from immediate retaliation earlier due to concerns about destabilizing the fragile truce in Yemen and avoiding a broader conflict in the region.Retaliatory Strikes: What, Where, and WhyIn response to the Houthi attacks, the US and UK launched strikes targeting Houthi missile, radar, and drone capabilities. The aim was to degrade the groups ability to conduct further attacks similar to the recent barrage. The strikes occurred in Yemen, and the rebel group has already pledged to retaliate.Who Are the Houthi RebelsHouthi rebels originated in northern Yemen, seizing the capital, Sanaa, in 2014. The conflict escalated when a Saudi-led coalition intervened in 2015 to restore Yemens internationally recognized government. The ensuing war has resulted in a humanitarian crisis, with over 150,000 casualties and widespread suffering.Houthi Attacks on Ships: Escalation and MotivationWhile the Houthis have sporadically targeted ships, attacks increased during the conflict between Israel and Hamas, intensifying after an explosion in Gaza on October 17. The attacks have damaged commercial ships, forcing diversions and raising concerns about the safety of shipping in the Red Sea.US Calculus and Decision to RetaliateThe US had refrained from retaliating against the Houthis, reflecting political sensitivities. The Biden administration aimed to preserve the Yemen truce, avoiding actions that could lead to a wider conflict. However, the intensified attacks left the US with no choice but to respond.Ongoing Developments and International ConsultationsThe ICJs decision on emergency measures is awaited, and the international community continues to monitor the situation. The US emphasizes the need to protect navigation in the region while consulting with allies to find an appropriate balance.As tensions persist, the conflicts resolution remains uncertain, and the world watches for further developments in the troubled waters of the Red Sea.
